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BLUETOOTH SPECIFICATION Version 5.0 Vol 6, Part Apage 2536Physical Layer Specification3 TRANSMITTER CHARACTERISTICSThe requirements stated in this section are given as power levels at theantenna connector of the LE device. If the device does not have a connector, areference antenna with 0 dBi gain is assumed.Due to the difficulty in making accurate radiated measurements, systems withan integral antenna should provide a temporary antenna connector during LEPHY qualification testing.For a transmitter, the output power level at the maximum power setting shall bewithin the limits defined in Table 3.1.Minimum Output PowerMaximum Output Power0.01 mW (-20 dBm)100 mW ( 20 dBm)Table 3.1: Transmission powerDevices shall not exceed the maximum allowed transmit power levels set bythe regulatory bodies that have jurisdiction over the locales in which the deviceis to be sold or intended to operate. Implementers should be aware that themaximum transmit power level permitted under a given set of regulations mightnot be the same for all modulation modes.Note: The maximum output power for LE in v4.0, v4.1, and v4.2 is 10 mW.Note: Using high transmit power in use cases where short ranges could beencountered may cause the receiver on the remote device to be saturated andresult in link failure. Implementers should avoid use of high output power insuch scenarios or employ a mechanism for switching between two or moretransmit power levels in an attempt to establish, re-establish, or maintainconnections.The output power control of a device may be changed locally, for example tooptimize the power consumption or reduce interference to other equipment.Bluetooth devices may be informatively classified into power classes based onthe highest output power the LE PHY supports, as defined in Table 3.2.Power ClassMaximum Output Power (Pmax)Minimum Output Power11100 mW ( 20 dBm)10 mW ( 10 dBm)1.510 mW ( 10 dBm)0.01 mW (-20 dBm)22.5 mW ( 4 dBm)0.01 mW (-20 dBm)31 mW (0 dBm)0.01 mW (-20 dBm)Table 3.2: LE PHY power classes1. Minimum output power at maximum power settingTransmitter Characteristics06 December 2016Bluetooth SIG Proprietary

BLUETOOTH SPECIFICATION Version 5.0 Vol 6, Part Apage 2537Physical Layer Specification3.1 MODULATION CHARACTERISTICSThe modulation is Gaussian Frequency Shift Keying (GFSK) with a bandwidthbit period product BT 0.5. The modulation index shall be between 0.45 and0.55. A binary one shall be represented by a positive frequency deviation, anda binary zero shall be represented by a negative frequency deviation.Ideal Z ero C rossingF t fdT ransm itF requencyFtFm inTim eF m in F t - fdZ ero C rossing E rrorFigure 3.1: GFSK parameters definitionFor each transmission the minimum frequency deviation,Fmin min { Fmin , Fmin- }which corresponds to a 1010 sequence, shall be no smaller than 80% of thefrequency deviation with respect to the transmit frequency, which correspondsto a 00001111 sequence.The minimum frequency deviation shall never be less than 185 kHz whentransmitting at 1 megasymbol per second (Msym/s) symbol rate and never beless than 370 kHz when transmitting at 2 Msym/s symbol rate. The symboltiming accuracy shall be better than 50 ppm.The zero crossing error is the time difference between the ideal symbol periodand the measured crossing time. This shall be less than 1/8 of a symbolperiod.Transmitter Characteristics06 December 2016Bluetooth SIG Proprietary

BLUETOOTH SPECIFICATION Version 5.0 Vol 6, Part Apage 2538Physical Layer Specification3.1.1 Stable Modulation IndexAn LE device with a transmitter that has a stable modulation index may informthe receiving LE device of this fact through the feature support mechanism(see [Vol 6] Part B, Section 4.6). The modulation index for these transmittersshall be between 0.495 and 0.505. A device shall only state that it has a stablemodulation index if that applies to all LE transmitter PHYs it supports.A transmitter that does not have a stable modulation index is said to have astandard modulation index.3.2 SPURIOUS EMISSIONS3.2.1 Modulation SpectrumFor products intended to comply with FCC part 15.247 rules, the minimum 6 dBbandwidth of the transmitter spectrum shall be at least 500 kHz using aresolution bandwidth of 100 kHz.3.2.2 In-band Spurious EmissionAn adjacent channel power is specified for channels at least 2 MHz from thecarrier when transmitting with1 Msym/s modulation (applies to the LE 1M andLE Coded PHYs) or at least 4 MHz from the carrier when transmitting with 2Msym/s modulation (applies to the LE 2M PHY). This adjacent channel poweris defined as the sum of the measured power in a 1 MHz bandwidth.The spectrum measurement shall be performed with a 100 kHz resolutionbandwidth and an average detector. The device shall transmit on an RFchannel with the center frequency M and the adjacent channel power shall bemeasured on a 1 MHz RF frequency N. The transmitter shall transmit a pseudorandom data pattern in the payload throughout the test.Frequency offsetSpurious Power2 MHz ( M-N 2)-20 dBm3 MHz or greater ( M-N 3)-30 dBmTable 3.3: Transmit Spectrum mask when transmitting with 1 Msym/s modulationFrequency offsetSpurious Power4 MHz ( M-N 4)-20 dBm5 MHz ( M-N 5)-20 dBm6 MHz or greater ( M-N 6)-30 dBmTable 3.4: Transmit Spectrum mask when transmitting with 2 Msym/s modulationTransmitter Characteristics06 December 2016Bluetooth SIG Proprietary

BLUETOOTH SPECIFICATION Version 5.0 Vol 6, Part Apage 2539Physical Layer SpecificationExceptions are allowed in up to three bands of 1 MHz width, centered on afrequency which is an integer multiple of 1 MHz. These exceptions shall havean absolute value of -20 dBm or less.3.2.3 Out-of-band Spurious EmissionThe equipment manufacturer is responsible for the ISM out-of-band spuriousemissions requirements in the intended countries of sale.3.3 RADIO FREQUENCY TOLERANCEThe deviation of the center frequency during the packet shall not exceed 150 kHz, including both the initial frequency offset and drift. The frequencydrift during any packet shall be less than 50 kHz. The drift rate shall be lessthan 400 Hz/µs.The limits on the transmitter center frequency drift within a packet is shown inTable 3.5.ParameterFrequency DriftMaximum drift 50 kHzMaximum drift rate1400 Hz/µsTable 3.5: Maximum allowable frequency drifts in a packet1. The maximum drift rate is allowed anywhere in a packet.Transmitter Characteristics06 December 2016Bluetooth SIG Proprietary

BLUETOOTH SPECIFICATION Version 5.0 Vol 6, Part Apage 2540Physical Layer Specification4 RECEIVER CHARACTERISTICSThe reference sensitivity level referred to in this chapter is -70 dBm. Thepacket error rate corresponding to the defined bit error ratio (BER) shall beused in all receiver characteristic measurements.4.1 ACTUAL SENSITIVITY LEVELThe actual sensitivity level is defined as the receiver input level for which theBER specified in Table 4.1 is achieved.Maximum Supported Payload Length (bytes)BER (%) 370.1 38 and 630.064 64 and 1270.034 1280.017Table 4.1: Actual sensitivity BER by maximum payload lengthThe actual sensitivity level of the receiver for a given PHY shall be as specifiedin Table 4.2. This shall apply with any transmitter compliant to the transmitterspecification specified in Section 3 together with any combination of thefollowing allowed parameter variations: Initial frequency offset Frequency drift Symbol rate Frequency deviationPHYSensitivity(dBm)LE Uncoded PHYs -70LE Coded PHY with S 2 coding -75LE Coded PHY with S 8 coding -82Table 4.2: Receiver sensitivity for a given PHYReceiver Characteristics06 December 2016Bluetooth SIG Proprietary

BLUETOOTH SPECIFICATION Version 5.0 Vol 6, Part Apage 2541Physical Layer Specification4.2 INTERFERENCE PERFORMANCEThe interference performance shall be measured with a wanted signal 3 dBover the reference sensitivity level. If the frequency of an interfering signal isoutside of the band 2400-2483.5 MHz, the out-of-band blocking specification(see Section 4.3) shall apply. Both the desired and the interfering signal shallbe reference signals as specified in Section 4.6. The BER shall be 0.1% for allthe signal-to-interference ratios listed in Table 4.3, Table 4.4, Table 4.5, andTable 4.6:Frequency of InterferenceRatioCo-Channel interference, C/Ico-channel21 dBAdjacent (1 MHz) interference1, C/I1 MHz15 dBAdjacent (2 MHz) interference1, C/I2 MHz-17 dBAdjacent ( 3 MHz) interference1, C/I 3 MHz-27 dBImage frequency interference1 2 3, C/IImage-9 dBAdjacent (1 MHz) interference to in-band image frequency1, C/IImage 1MHz-15 dBTable 4.3: Interference performance for LE 1M PHYFrequency of InterferenceRatioCo-Channel interference, C/Ico-channel21 dBAdjacent (2 MHz) interference1, C/I2 MHz15 dBAdjacent (4 MHz) interference1, C/I4 MHz-17 dBAdjacent ( 6 MHz) interference1, C/I 6 MHz-27 dBImage frequency interference1 2 4, C/IImage-9 dBAdjacent (2 MHz) interference to in-band image frequency1, C/IImage 2MHz-15 dBTable 4.4: Interference performance for LE 2M PHYFrequency of InterferenceRatioCo-Channel interference, C/Ico-channel12 dBAdjacent (1 MHz) interference1, C/I1 MHz6 dBAdjacent (2 MHz) interference1, C/I2 MHz-26 dBTable 4.5: Interference performance for the LE Coded PHY with S 8 coding (125 kb/s data rate)Receiver Characteristics06 December 2016Bluetooth SIG Proprietary

BLUETOOTH SPECIFICATION Version 5.0 Vol 6, Part Apage 2542Physical Layer SpecificationFrequency of InterferenceRatioAdjacent ( 3 MHz) interference1, C/I 3 MHz-36 dBImage frequency interference1 2 3, C/IImage-18 dBAdjacent (1 MHz) interference to in-band image frequency1,-24 dBC/IImage 2MHzTable 4.5: Interference performance for the LE Coded PHY with S 8 coding (125 kb/s data rate)Frequency of InterferenceRatioCo-Channel interference, C/Ico-channel17 dBAdjacent (1 MHz) interference1, C/I1 MHz11 dBAdjacent (2 MHz) interference1, C/I2 MHz-21 dBAdjacent ( 3 MHz) interference1, C/I 3 MHz-31 dBImage frequency interference1 2 3, C/IImage-13 dBAdjacent (1 MHz) interference to in-band image frequency1,-19 dBC/IImage 2MHzTable 4.6: Interference performance for the LE Coded PHY with S 2 coding (500 kb/s data rate)Notes:1. If two adjacent frequency specifications from Table 4.3, Table 4.4, Table 4.5,or Table 4.6 (as appropriate) are applicable to the same frequency, the morerelaxed specification applies.2. In-band image frequency.3. If the image frequency n*1 MHz, then the image reference frequency isdefined as the closest n*1 MHz frequency for integer n.4. If the image frequency n*2 MHz, then the image reference frequency isdefined as the closest n*2 MHz frequency for integer n.Any frequencies where the requirements are not met are called spuriousresponse RF channels. Five spurious response RF channels are allowed witha distance of 2 MHz from the wanted signal when receiving with 1 Msym/smodulation and a distance of 4 MHz when receiving with 2 Msym/smodulation; different spurious response channels are allowed for the twomodulation schemes. This excludes the image frequency with both 1 Msym/sand 2 Msym/s modulation, the image frequency 1MHz with 1 Msym/smodulation, and the image frequency 2 MHz with 2 Msym/s modulation. Onthese spurious response RF channels, a relaxed interference requirement C/I -17 dB shall be met by both 1 Msym/s and 2 Msym/s modulationtransmitters.Receiver Characteristics06 December 2016Bluetooth SIG Proprietary

BLUETOOTH SPECIFICATION Version 5.0 Vol 6, Part Apage 2543Physical Layer Specification4.3 OUT-OF-BAND BLOCKINGThe out-of-band blocking applies to interfering signals outside the band2400-2483.5 MHz. The out-of-band suppression (or rejection) shall bemeasured with a wanted signal 3 dB over the reference sensitivity level. Theinterfering signal shall be a continuous wave signal. The desired signal shall bea reference signal as specified in Section 4.6, with a center frequency of2426 MHz. The BER shall be 0.1%. The out-of-band blocking shall fulfill thefollowing requirements:Interfering SignalFrequencyInterfering Signal PowerLevelMeasurement resolution30 MHz – 2000 MHz-30 dBm10 MHz2003 – 2399 MHz-35 dBm3 MHz2484 – 2997 MHz-35 dBm3 MHz3000 MHz – 12.75 GHz-30 dBm25 MHzTable 4.7: Out-of-band suppression (or rejection) requirementsUp to 10 exceptions are permitted, which are dependent upon the given RFchannel and are centered at a frequency which is an integer multiple of 1 MHz: For at least 7 of these spurious response frequencies, a reducedinterference level of at least -50 dBm is allowed in order to achieve therequired BER 0.1%. For a maximum of 3 of the spurious response frequencies, the interferencelevel may be lower.Receiver Characteristics06 December 2016Bluetooth SIG Proprietary

BLUETOOTH SPECIFICATION Version 5.0 Vol 6, Part Apage 2544Physical Layer Specification4.4 INTERMODULATION CHARACTERISTICSThe actual sensitivity performance, BER 0.1%, shall be met under thefollowing conditions: The wanted signal shall be at a frequency f0 with a power level 6 dB over thereference sensitivity level. The wanted signal shall be a reference signal asspecified in Section 4.6. A static sine wave signal shall be at a frequency f1 with a power level of -50dBm. An interfering signal shall be at a frequency f2 with a power level of -50 dBm.The interfering signal shall be a reference signal as specified in Section 4.6.When receiving with 1 Msym/s modulation, frequencies f0, f1 and f2 shall bechosen such that f0 2*f1 - f2 and f2-f1 n * 1 MHz, where n can be 3, 4, or 5.When receiving with 2 Msym/s modulation, frequencies f0, f1 and f2 shall bechosen such thatf0 2*f1 - f2 and f2-f1 n * 2 MHz, where n can be 3, 4, or 5.The system shall fulfill at least one of the three alternatives (n 3, 4, or 5);different modulation schemes can use different alternatives.4.5 MAXIMUM USABLE LEVELThe maximum usable input level the receiver can operate at shall be greaterthan -10 dBm, and the BER shall be less than or equal to 0.1% at -10 dBminput power. The input signal shall be a reference signal as specified in Section4.6.Receiver Characteristics06 December 2016Bluetooth SIG Proprietary

BLUETOOTH SPECIFICATION Version 5.0 Vol 6, Part Apage 2545Physical Layer Specification4.6 REFERENCE SIGNAL DEFINITIONThe reference signal for LE is defined as:Modulation GFSKModulation index 0.5 1% for standard modulation index, 0.5 0.5% forstable modulation indexBT 0.5 1%Data Bit Rate 1 Mb/s 1 ppm for the LE 1M PHY 2 Mb/s 1 ppm for the LE 2M PHY 125 kb/s 1 ppm for the LE Coded PHY when using S 8 coding 500 kb/s 1 ppm for the LE Coded PHY when using S 2 codingModulating Data for wanted signal PRBS9Modulating Data for interfering signal PRBS15Frequency accuracy better than 1 ppm4.7 STABLE MODULATION INDEXAn LE device may have a receiver that can take advantage of the fact that theremote device indicates support for the Stable Modulation Index - Transmitterfeature (see [Vol 6] Part B, Section 4.6). Such a receiver is said to have stablemodulation index support.Receiver Characteristics06 December 2016Bluetooth SIG Proprietary

BLUETOOTH SPECIFICATION Version 5.0 Vol 6, Part Apage 2546Physical Layer SpecificationAPPENDIX A TEST CONDITIONSA.1 NORMAL OPERATING CONDITIONS (NOC)A.1.1 Normal Temperature and Air HumidityThe normal operating temperature shall be declared by the productmanufacturer. The nominal test temperature shall be within 10 C of thenormal operating temperature.A.1.2 Nominal Supply VoltageThe nominal test voltage for the equipment under normal test conditions shallbe the nominal supply voltage as declared by the product manufacturer.Appendix A: Test Conditions06 December 2016Bluetooth SIG Proprietary

Core System Package [Low Energy Controller volume]Part BPART B: LINK LAYERSPECIFICATIONThis part of the specification describesthe Bluetooth low energy Link Layer.Bluetooth SIG Proprietary

BLUETOOTH SPECIFICATION Version 5.0 Vol 6, Part Bpage 2548Link Layer SpecificationCONTENTS1General Description. 25531.1 Link Layer States . 25531.1.11.21.31.41.1.2 Devices supporting only some states . 2555Bit Ordering . 2555Device Address. 25561.3.1 Public Device Address . 25561.3.2 Random Device Address . 25571.3.2.1 Static Device Address . 25571.3.2.2 Private Device Address Generation . 25581.3.2.3 Private Device Address Resolution . 2559Physical Channel . 25601.4.12Permitted State and Role Combination Restrictions. 2554Advertising and Data Channel Indices. 2561Air Interface Packets . 25622.1 Packet Format For the LE Uncoded PHYs . 25622.1.12.22.3Preamble. 25622.1.2 Access Address . 25632.1.3 PDU . 25642.1.4 CRC . 2564Packet Format for the LE Coded PHY. 25652.2.12.2.2Preamble. 2566Access Address . 25662.2.32.2.42.2.5Coding Indication . 2566PDU . 2566CRC . 25662.2.6 TERM1 and TERM2. 2566Advertising Channel PDU . 25672.3.1 Advertising PDUs. 25692.3.1.1 ADV IND . 25692.3.1.2 ADV DIRECT IND . 25702.3.1.3 ADV NONCONN IND . 25702.3.1.4 ADV SCAN IND . 25712.3.1.5 ADV EXT IND . 25712.3.1.6 AUX ADV IND . 25732.3.1.7 AUX SYNC IND . 25742.3.1.8 AUX CHAIN IND.

The Bluetooth word mark and logos are owned by Bluetooth SIG, Inc. All copyrights in the Bluetooth Specifications themselves are owned by Ericsson AB, Lenovo . Article 28, Arti cle 29, Article 38 Radio Equipment Regulations: Article 5, Article 6, Article 7, Article 14, Article 24, Article 9.4, Articl e 49.20.1.C.2, Article 49.20.1.E.3 Radio .